List of questions about [Crypto Investment]

You're holding a leveraged position in a perpetual contract, and you notice something curious. Every few hours, a small amount of money is either debited from or credited to your account. It’s not a trading fee, and it’s not your P&L from the price movement. This is the funding rate in action. While it may seem like a minor detail, for anyone holding a position for more than a few hours, this mechanism is a crucial and often misunderstood part of the trading engine. As your guide, let's explore what the funding rate is, why it's essential, and how it directly impacts your bottom line.

The Core Purpose: Keeping the Market in Sync

First, we must understand the unique nature of a perpetual contract. Unlike a traditional futures contract, it has no expiration date. In theory, you can hold it forever. This creates a problem: what keeps the price of the perpetual contract from drifting far away from the actual, real-time price of the underlying asset (the "spot price")? The answer is the funding rate. Its one and only job is to act like a magnet, constantly pulling the perpetual contract price back towards the spot price through a clever incentive system.

How It Works: A Payment Between Traders

The funding rate is a periodic payment exchanged directly between traders who are holding long and short positions. The exchange itself does not collect this fee; it merely facilitates the transfer. The direction of the payment is determined by which side of the market is more aggressive. If the perpetual contract is trading at a price higher than the spot price, it means there is more buying pressure, and the market is bullish. To restore balance, the funding rate will be positive. In this scenario, traders holding long positions will pay a small fee to traders holding short positions. This incentivizes new shorts to open and encourages longs to close, helping to push the perpetual price back down towards the spot price. Conversely, if the perpetual contract trades lower than the spot price, the funding rate will be negative, and shorts will pay longs to incentivize buying pressure.

The Strategic Implications for Your Trades

Understanding the funding rate is what separates an intermediate trader from a professional. For a short-term scalper who holds a position for only a few minutes, the funding rate is largely irrelevant. However, for a swing trader who might hold a position for days or weeks, it can become a significant factor in their overall profitability. If you are holding a long position during a period of high positive funding, you are essentially "paying rent" to keep that position open. This cost can eat into your profits over time. On the other hand, a trader holding a short position during the same period would be earning a steady yield from the funding payments, which can offset other costs or even add to their profits.

From Hidden Fee to Strategic Tool

The funding rate is more than just a fee; it's a real-time indicator of market sentiment. A consistently high positive funding rate shows a strong bullish consensus, while a negative rate indicates bearishness. Professional traders watch this data closely. They understand that a position's success is not just about the entry and exit price, but also about the cost of holding it. Before placing any long-term leveraged trade, it is essential to understand all the core concepts and risks, as detailed in our main guide: [Leverage Trading in Crypto: A Guide to the Double-Edged Sword].

Web3 vs. Web 3.0: The Great Digital Divide Explained

If you’ve heard the terms Web3 and Web 3.0 tossed around as if they’re the same thing, you’re not alone—but you’ve been misled. Though separated only by a decimal point, they represent two entirely different visions for the future of the internet. One is a revolution in ownership, the other an evolution in intelligence. Let’s unravel the mystery.

Two Visions, Two Origins

The seeds of these ideas were planted by different minds, in different eras, with different dreams.

Web3: The Decentralized Rebellion
Born from the cypherpunk spirit and the blockchain revolution, the term Web3 was coined by Gavin Wood, Ethereum co-founder, in 2014. It emerged as a direct response to the centralized  Web 2.0" era dominated by tech giants. Wood envisioned a user-owned internet built on open protocols, where power is distributed, not controlled. This isn't an upgrade—it's a rebuild.

Web 3.0: The Intelligent Web
Long before blockchain entered the mainstream, Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the World Wide Web, began speaking of a Semantic Web. Later popularized by tech thinker Tim O'Reilly around 2006 as "Web 3.0," this vision was always about intelligence. The goal was a web where machines understand the meaning behind data, enabling seamless connections and context-aware experiences. It’s the web getting smarter.

Core Philosophies: A Tale of Two Architectures

Their fundamental principles reveal how differently they operate.

The Pillars of Web3:

1- Decentralization: No single company, government, or server calls the shots. The network is maintained collectively by its users.

2- Blockchain Foundation: Trust is engineered through transparent, immutable ledgers that record transactions and interactions.

3- Cryptocurrency & Tokens: Native digital assets (like Bitcoin or ETH) fuel these ecosystems, enabling value exchange and governance.

The Pillars of Web 3.0:

1- Semantic Understanding: Data is tagged and structured so machines can comprehend context and relationships, not just keywords.

2- Ubiquitous Connectivity: Information and services are intricately linked across platforms, creating a fluid, unified experience.

3- Open Standards: It thrives on interoperability and shared protocols, ensuring the intelligent web remains accessible and not walled off.

The Technology Divide

This philosophical split is mirrored in their technological hearts.

1- Web3 runs on blockchain, smart contracts, and cryptography. Its tools are for building trust, verifying ownership, and creating decentralized systems.

2- Web 3.0 runs on artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and natural language processing. Its tools are for understanding, interpreting, and predicting user intent.

Seeing Them in Action: Real-World Faces

Where You Find Web3 Today:

1- DeFi (Decentralized Finance): Platforms letting you lend, borrow, or trade assets without a bank.

2- NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens): Verifiable digital certificates of ownership for art, collectibles, or even real-world assets.

3- DAOs (Decentralized Autonomous Organizations): Internet-native communities with shared treasuries and rules enforced by code, not a CEO.

Where You Experience Web 3.0 Today:

1- Intelligent Voice Assistants: Siri or Alexa that attempt to understand the nuance in your requests.

2- Hyper-Personalized Feeds: Netflix or Spotify algorithms that intuitively recommend what you’ll love next.

3- Semantic Search Engines: Google’s search evolving to answer the intent behind your question, not just match keywords.

The Great Convergence Debate: Will They Merge or Diverge?

Here lies the most fascinating conversation about our digital future. Some believe these paths are destined to collide, creating a new paradigm: a decentralized, intelligent web. Imagine a semantic AI that doesn’t harvest your data for a corporation, but works for you, on a secure, user-owned network.

Others argue they will develop in parallel, serving distinct purposes. Web3 could become the backbone for value and governance, while Web 3.0 becomes the layer for seamless interaction and discovery.

The truth is, the future is unwritten. Regulatory shifts, technological breakthroughs, and user adoption will ultimately chart the course. What remains clear is that both concepts are powerful lenses through which we are reimagining the internet—one focused on who controls it, the other on how intelligently it operates.

Understanding this distinction isn’t just academic; it’s the key to navigating the next era of the web, whether you’re building it, investing in it, or simply living in it. The decimal point, it turns out, makes all the difference.

The Green Surge Storm: Digital Markets Ignite Wall Street in an Extraordinary Financial Spectacle

It was no ordinary day in the financial markets. This past Monday presented an extraordinary spectacle, akin to a synchronized financial awakening, where the latent energy of the digital asset universe erupted, sending powerful shockwaves through the corridors of traditional Wall Street. The numbers told a story not just of recovery, but of a vigorous, broad-based resurgence that placed crypto-centric equities at the very forefront of market leadership.

The catalyst was unmistakable: a vibrant and sustained rally in the foundational cryptocurrency market. After a period of consolidation often associated with the year-end lull, major digital currencies broke free from their chains, with Bitcoin and Ethereum spearheading the charge to reclaim heights unseen for weeks. This wasn't a minor correction; it was a clear signal of returning conviction.

The Vanguard of the Rally: Stocks Soaring on Digital Wings

The translation from crypto strength to equity performance was immediate and dramatic. A constellation of companies, each a critical node in the digital asset infrastructure, experienced gravitational lifts that defied typical market movements.

Leading this celestial ascent was Bakkt (BKKT), whose near 31.5% intraday surge—and further after-hours climb—was nothing short of meteoric. It served as a powerful testament to the reignited institutional narrative. Close behind, Kindly MD (NAKA), with its focused Bitcoin treasury strategy, solidified its role as a pure-play beneficiary of crypto asset appreciation, vaulting over 24% and capturing the imagination of investors seeking direct exposure.

How a 23% Market Cap Explosion Ignites a New Era of Crypto Speculation

The dawn of 2026 did not arrive with a whisper, but with a seismic roar from the most unpredictable corner of the cryptocurrency universe. In a breathtaking defiance of their yearly lows, memecoins have staged a comeback so violent and decisive that it has fundamentally rewritten the opening narrative of the new year. This is not a mere pump; it is a full-scale market revolt, a vivid declaration that the dormant appetite for extreme risk and viral speculation has awoken with a ferocious hunger.

The Phoenix Rises from the Ashes of 2025

To understand the magnitude of this surge, one must first gaze upon the desolation that preceded it. The year 2025 was a graveyard for memecoin dreams. A relentless exodus of capital and courage saw the sector’s total valuation carved down by over 65%, crumbling to a pitiful $35 billion by mid-December—a stark low not witnessed in over a year. This was the final act of a risk-off tragedy, where traders, battered by volatility, retreated to the perceived safety of digital blue-chips.

Then, in the quiet limbo between Christmas and New Year’s Day, a spark was lit. Almost imperceptibly at first, the tide began to turn. From the depths of maximum pessimism, a wave of capital began to flow back into these discarded assets. In a stunning seven-day metamorphosis, the aggregate market capitalization of memecoins erupted from $38 billion to a staggering $47.7 billion. This 23% vertical ascent is more than a statistic; it is a market-wide psychological event, signaling a profound shift from fear to fearless speculation.

A Symphony of Gains: The Leaders of the Charge

The rally was orchestrated by the sector's household names, each posting double-digit performances that echoed through crypto portfolios. Dogecoin, the perennial patriarch of the meme movement, bulldozed its way forward with a solid 20% gain, reaffirming its enduring cultural footprint. Shiba Inu, its ever-ambitious successor, marched in lockstep with a 19.9% climb.

But the true maestro of this movement was Pepe. The frog-themed token didn’t just rise; it soared, catapulting over 65% in value and stealing the spotlight. This disproportionate gain highlights the hyper-speculative engine at the core of the memecoin phenomenon, where sentiment and narrative can fuel returns that dwarf even the most bullish fundamental projections.

However, the most telling indicator of this rally’s intensity lies not in the serene charts of market cap, but in the chaotic, vibrant streets of transaction volume. Here, the story becomes extraordinary. Daily trading volume for these assets exploded from a subdued $2.17 billion to an astronomical $8.7 billion—a 300% increase that represents a floodgate of activity swinging wide open. This volume surge is the tangible proof of frenzied participation, a sign that traders are not just watching, but actively diving back into the meme pool.

Decoding the Rally: A Counter-Strike Against Consensus

In the cryptic language of markets, memecoins have always been the most expressive dialect. Their performance is a pure, unfiltered reflection of retail trader emotion—a gauge of greed, fear, and the willingness to embrace absurdity for potential gain. Their collapse in 2025 was the ultimate reading of widespread risk aversion. Their resurrection in early 2026, therefore, is a message written in fireworks.

Market intelligence platform Santiment provided the decoder ring, noting this explosive bounce  began shortly after FUD was reaching its highest levels among retail traders.  This is the classic contrarian playbook manifesting in real-time: the market moving powerfully against the densest concentration of doubt. When the crowd is most convinced of an asset's demise, that is often the precise moment of its rebirth. As Santiment advises, the opportunity frequently lies in capitalizing on  assets that the retail crowd has written off the most.

This memecoin fervor is rarely an isolated event. It is historically the opening act for a broader speculative theater. A seasoned trader on X, known as  Wealthhmanger, articulated this domino theory:  When we see this kind of strength in meme coins, other altcoins usually follow. The logic is compelling. As profits are secured in memecoins, that capital seeks new horizons, spilling over into other altcoin projects. Historically, the Solana ecosystem has been a prime beneficiary of this "meme momentum, its high-throughput blockchain serving as the preferred launchpad for the last generation of viral tokens.

The Calm Sea and the Raging Storm: A Diverging Market

The memecoin storm creates a stark contrast against the relatively calm seas of the broader cryptocurrency ocean. While memes went on a rampage, the total crypto market cap advanced a steady but unspectacular 5%, from $2.97 trillion to $3.13 trillion. The flagship assets, Bitcoin and Ethereum, posted respectable but muted single-digit gains of 5% and 7.3% respectively. They are the steady battleships, advancing methodically while the nimble, risky memecoin speedboats zip around them in a frenzy.

Yet, even in these calmer waters, a change in the wind is detectable. The CoinMarketCap Fear and Greed Index, a crucial barometer of market emotion, has finally inched out of the  Fear  territory it had been stuck in since October, ticking up to a "Neutral" reading of 40. This shift, though modest, is corroborating evidence. It suggests the pervasive dread that capped the end of 2025 is beginning to evaporate, replaced by a cautious, perhaps growing, curiosity.

The Unfolding Narrative: Prelude or Main Event?

The opening week of 2026 has delivered an undeniable plot twist. The assets deemed the riskiest, the most frivolous, and the most written-off have roared back to life with terrifying vigor. This memecoin resurgence is a multi-layered signal: a testament to crypto's enduring cyclicality, a masterclass in contrarian market mechanics, and a powerful indicator of returning speculative courage.

The critical question now hanging over the market is whether this is a self-contained spectacle—a brilliant, fleeting firework—or the first, loud crack of thunder before a wider altcoin rainfall. Will the liquidity and confidence flooding into Dogecoin, Shiba Inu, and Pepe become a tide that lifts all speculative boats? History suggests we should pay close attention. For now, one message is crystal clear: after a long and bitter winter, the memes are not just back. They are leading the charge, forcing the entire market to reconsider what is possible as a new year unfolds. The stage is set not for a slow and steady build, but for a potential explosion of volatility and opportunity, all ignited by the unlikely heroes of the digital asset world.

Why Cetus Coin is Stealing the Spotlight in the Sui Ecosystem

PENGUIN Memecoin Surges After Viral White House Post Shakes Crypto Markets

When Politics, Memes, and Markets Collide

Crypto markets have always thrived on unexpected narratives, but few could have predicted that a single social media image from the United States White House would ignite one of the most dramatic memecoin rallies of 2026. The Nietzschean Penguin (PENGUIN), a Solana-based memecoin that previously lived in near-total obscurity, suddenly became the center of global attention after a viral post set traders into a speculative frenzy.

On January 25, 2026, the official White House X account shared an image of US President Donald Trump walking through a snowy landscape hand in hand with a penguin. The image spread rapidly across social media, triggering humor, speculation, and a wave of meme creation. Within hours, crypto traders began associating the imagery with the PENGUIN token — and the market reacted with extraordinary speed.

From Forgotten Token to Market Sensation Overnight

A Turning Point for Solana’s Largest Memecoin Launchpad

Pump.fun, one of the most influential memecoin launchpads built on Solana, is entering a new phase after publicly acknowledging that its creator fee model may have unintentionally harmed the platform’s long-term health. The announcement signals a strategic shift for a protocol that has played a defining role in shaping the memecoin boom throughout 2025.

Creator Fees That Worked — Until They Didn’t

According to co-founder Alon Cohen, the Dynamic Fees V1 system initially succeeded in boosting engagement and attracting new creators. Token launches surged, livestream activity exploded, and onchain metrics briefly reached some of their strongest levels of the year. During this period, Pump.fun’s bonding curve volumes more than doubled, reinforcing the perception that the model was working.

However, that growth proved fragile. Cohen later concluded that the system incentivized low-risk token creation over high-risk trading, a dynamic he described as dangerous for market stability. Traders, he emphasized, are the primary source of liquidity and volume, and sidelining them ultimately weakens the entire ecosystem.

When Incentives Favor Minting Over Markets

While creator fees helped a small number of serious teams with active development plans, they failed to change the behavior of most memecoin deployers. In practice, the fees became a motivation to mint as many tokens as possible rather than commit to building deep, liquid markets.

Cohen also pointed out that the user experience often forced traders into uncomfortable situations, such as relying on community takeovers or trusting anonymous actors to keep their promises. This lack of structure eroded confidence and discouraged long-term participation.

Inside Pump.fun’s New Creator Fee Framework

In response, Pump.fun is rolling out the first stage of a redesigned creator fee system. The new framework allows creators and Community Takeover administrators to split fees across up to ten wallets, define precise allocation percentages, transfer ownership of coins, and revoke update authority once a project reaches maturity.

These changes are designed to promote transparency and accountability, while ensuring that responsibility is shared among teams rather than concentrated in a single wallet.

No Fees for the Platform Itself

Cohen made it clear that Pump.fun will not collect creator fees under any circumstances. The system is intended exclusively for creators and active market participants, not the platform. Fees can be claimed at any time and will not expire if left unclaimed, offering flexibility without forcing rushed decisions.

Pump.fun’s Continued Dominance on Solana

Despite recent fluctuations in memecoin hype, Pump.fun remains the dominant launchpad on Solana. Its near-frictionless token creation process and standardized path to liquidity have made it the default destination for memecoin experimentation. Although a rival briefly overtook it in volume during the summer, aggressive PUMP token buybacks and incentive adjustments helped Pump.fun reclaim control of roughly 75% to 80% of Solana’s memecoin launches by late 2025.

A Broader Shift in the Crypto Market

Pump.fun’s redesign reflects a wider trend across crypto markets, where platforms are increasingly forced to rethink incentive models that prioritize short-term volume over sustainable growth. As speculation cools, traders are demanding better liquidity, clearer rules, and stronger market structure.

Why Traders Are Looking Beyond Launchpads

Could Europe Really Weaponize U.S. Debt Over Greenland?

The recent geopolitical tension between the United States and Europe has pushed an old, uncomfortable question back into the spotlight: what happens if allies start using finance as a weapon? As Washington’s ambitions around Greenland stirred political nerves across Europe, whispers began circulating in policy circles about extreme countermeasures — including the once-unthinkable idea of selling off U.S. debt.

While a temporary cooling of tensions followed discussions at Davos, European leaders are no longer assuming stability as a given. Instead, they are quietly assessing how much leverage they truly possess in a world where economics, finance, and geopolitics are increasingly intertwined.

From Trade Wars to Financial Warfare

Europe’s first instinct has been economic retaliation through trade. The so-called  trade bazooka — a mechanism that could effectively restrict U.S. companies from accessing the EU’s vast single market — remains on the table. Such a move would hurt American corporations immediately, cutting off revenues worth billions.

But beyond tariffs and trade barriers lies something far more explosive: finance. Europe collectively holds trillions of dollars in U.S. assets, including Treasury bonds that help fund Washington’s deficits. Some policymakers have begun asking whether those holdings could be transformed from a symbol of trust into a source of pressure.

The Nuclear Option: Selling U.S. Treasurys

The idea gained traction after prominent voices suggested that dumping U.S. debt could destabilize the dollar, spike inflation, and ultimately hurt American voters. The logic is straightforward on paper: if a major bloc like Europe suddenly reduces exposure to U.S. Treasurys, borrowing costs would rise and confidence in the dollar could weaken.

Deutsche Bank’s FX strategists have pointed out that despite America’s military and economic dominance, it relies heavily on foreign capital to finance its persistent external deficits. Foreign investors hold an enormous share of U.S. bonds and equities, making the system sensitive to sudden shifts in sentiment.

Yet financial systems rarely behave like political theories.

Why Dumping U.S. Debt Is Easier Said Than Done

In practice, Europe faces enormous structural barriers to executing such a strategy. Much of the U.S. debt held in Europe does not sit on government balance sheets. Instead, it belongs to pension funds, banks, insurance companies, hedge funds, and institutional investors whose primary mandate is performance, not politics.

For European governments to force these entities to sell would require unprecedented regulatory intervention — a move that could undermine investor confidence in Europe itself. Financial experts widely agree that such steps would only be considered if tensions escalated far beyond current levels.

Even more importantly, investors hold U.S. Treasurys for one overriding reason: there is no true substitute.

The Absence of a Real Alternative to U.S. Debt

Despite ongoing discussions about de-dollarization, the U.S. Treasury market remains unparalleled in size, liquidity, and perceived safety. Even countries like Germany, often cited as alternatives, simply do not issue debt at a scale capable of absorbing global demand.

Asia, meanwhile, lacks the capacity to replace Europe as a buyer if a mass sell-off occurred. China has already slowed its Treasury purchases, and emerging Asian markets are far too small to absorb trillions of dollars in displaced capital.

In short, a coordinated exit from U.S. debt would create chaos — but not necessarily a clean escape route for Europe.

Stablecoins Quietly Step Into the Picture

While governments debate strategy, a new class of buyers has been rapidly accumulating U.S. debt: stablecoin issuers.

Recent U.S. legislation has cemented the role of Treasurys as core reserves backing dollar-pegged stablecoins. As digital dollars grow in adoption, issuers are required to hold increasing amounts of U.S. government debt, effectively turning crypto infrastructure into a major pillar of Treasury demand.

This shift creates an unusual feedback loop. On one hand, it strengthens U.S. debt markets by introducing a fast-growing buyer base. On the other, it ties the health of Treasury liquidity to the stability of the stablecoin sector — a market that has already shown signs of stress during periods of panic.

When Liquidity Becomes the Real Risk

History has already provided warnings. Liquidity shocks in the U.S. Treasury market have surfaced during moments of extreme stress, including the global crisis of 2020 and more recent disruptions in 2025. If Europe were to significantly reduce its exposure while stablecoin issuers faced redemption pressure, the system could be pushed into dangerous territory.

In such a scenario, forced selling could overwhelm available buyers, threatening both Treasury market stability and the credibility of dollar-backed digital assets.

Where Crypto Platforms Like BYDFi Fit In

Unlocking the Digital Vault: A Realistic Look at Bitcoin Mining

The whisper of  Bitcoin mining  carries a certain mystique in the digital age. It conjures images of humming warehouses in remote, cold locations, of powerful computers solving impossibly complex puzzles, and of a modern-day gold rush happening entirely in the digital realm. But beyond the buzzwords and the hype, what does it actually mean to mine Bitcoin today, in 2025? Is it a accessible path to digital wealth, or an industrial-scale operation that's closed off to the everyday person?

Let's pull back the curtain. At its very core, Bitcoin mining is the invisible engine that makes the entire Bitcoin network possible. It’s not about physically digging for coins; it’s a sophisticated process of using computational power to secure a global, decentralized financial ledger. Think of it as being the auditor, the security guard, and the mint all at once for the world's most famous cryptocurrency.

For anyone from a curious student in Toronto to an entrepreneur in Nairobi, the allure is understandable. The idea of earning Bitcoin without directly buying it on an exchange is powerful. It feels like being at the source, tapping into the very creation of new coins. Yet, this excitement is almost always tempered by legitimate concerns: the staggering cost of equipment, the fear of an unbearable electricity bill, and the technical complexity that can feel overwhelming. This guide is designed to walk you through that reality, separating the golden opportunity from the fool's gold.

The Heartbeat of the Blockchain: What Mining Actually Does

To truly grasp mining, you first need to understand the problem it solves. Bitcoin is a decentralized system, meaning there's no central bank or authority to verify that you didn't just spend the same digital coin twice. This is known as the  double-spend problem.  The blockchain is the ingenious solution—a public, tamper-proof ledger that records every single transaction.

This is where miners step in. Their primary job isn't just to  create  new Bitcoin; it's to validate and confirm batches of transactions, called  blocks. They gather transactions from the network, compile them into a block, and then compete in a global computational race. The goal of this race is to solve a cryptographic puzzle—a kind of lottery where you guess a winning number. This process is known as Proof of Work.

The first miner to find the correct solution announces it to the rest of the network. The other participants then quickly verify that the answer is correct and that the transactions within the block are legitimate. Once a consensus is reached, this new block is added to the end of the blockchain, creating a permanent and unchangeable record. For this monumental effort of securing the network, the successful miner is rewarded with two things: a fixed amount of newly minted Bitcoin (known as the block reward, currently 3.125 BTC after the 2024 halving) and all the transaction fees associated with the transactions in that block.

This cycle repeats roughly every ten minutes, creating a rhythmic, predictable heartbeat for the Bitcoin network. It’s a beautifully designed system that incentivizes honesty; attempting to cheat the system would require an unimaginable amount of computational power, making it economically irrational.

The Practical Journey: How Would You Actually Mine Bitcoin?

So, you understand the theory. Now, what would it actually take to set up a mining operation in your home office, basement, or garage? Let's walk through the practical steps, acknowledging the hurdles you'd face from the very beginning.

Your first and most significant investment is in hardware. You can't mine Bitcoin profitably with a laptop or a gaming PC anymore; those days are long gone. The industry standard is now dominated by specialized machines called ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuits). These are computers designed for one purpose and one purpose only: to solve the Bitcoin mining puzzle as efficiently as possible. Models like the Bitmain Antminer S19 Pro or the WhatsMiner M30S are common workhorses, but they come with a hefty price tag, often ranging from two to four thousand dollars each. They are also incredibly power-hungry and loud, sounding like a high-powered vacuum cleaner running 24/7.